Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke
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Journal : Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS)

EXAMINATION OF TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON DEGRADATION IN A POLLUTED STAGNANT SALT AND FRESH WATER MEDIA Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke
Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS) Vol. 4 No. 6 (2024): Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS)-December 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/cejs.v4i6.19624

Abstract

The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) levels were estimated in a stationary aquatic environment that consisted of a mixture of saltwater and freshwater, using the principles of first-order kinetics. The dispersion of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was studied in the presence of water using a transportation model that considered both convective and diffusion variables. This model was utilised to monitor the concentration of TPH in both the vertical and horizontal dimensions. Thus, it was anticipated that diffusion would exclusively govern the transport or dispersion of TPH in the horizontal direction, while both diffusion and convection induced by gravity would govern TPH transport in the vertical direction. The rate of TPH degradation was analysed using first-order degradation rate kinetics and the Monod model. In this study, we simulated and compared the projected TPH degradation along both vertical and horizontal orientations. The TPH values in the vertical direction were obtained at a specified time and then compared to the experimental data. The purpose of this was to determine the system that best corresponded to the TPH levels measured in the experiment. This study has demonstrated that employing first-order kinetics is a successful approach for monitoring, predicting, and modelling the breakdown of total petroleum hydrocarbons in a stagnant water environment affected by sedimentation.
PEMODELAN KOMPUTASI UNTUK OPTIMASI PROSES PRODUKSI BIODIESEL: TINJAUAN , COMPUTATIONAL MODELING FOR OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION PROCESSES: A REVIEW Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke
Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS)-June 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/cejs.v5i3.21377

Abstract

Secara kimiawi, biodiesel adalah mono-alkil ester dari asam lemak yang dibuat dari lemak nabati atau hewani. Bahan bakar ini dapat dibandingkan dengan bahan bakar alternatif karena persediaan minyak bumi semakin langka. Metode yang layak dan terjangkau untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keekonomisan dalam proses yang terlibat dalam sintesis biodiesel adalah pemodelan komputasi. Dengan menggunakan pemodelan matematis, kita dapat memprediksi hasil yang mungkin diperoleh, menentukan parameter penting, dan memahami interaksi kritis antara berbagai elemen dan responsnya. Kemajuan dalam kecerdasan buatan (AI) dan bidang terkait telah memungkinkan untuk meramalkan berbagai faktor, termasuk kondisi ideal dan hasil proses. Oleh karena itu, pemodelan komputasi telah digunakan dalam berbagai prosedur produksi biodiesel. Studi percontohan dan, dalam beberapa situasi, bahkan uji coba laboratorium berskala besar mungkin tidak diperlukan lagi jika teknik berbasis komputer ini diimplementasikan lebih lanjut. Analisis menyeluruh ini berfokus pada penggunaan pemodelan komputer untuk meniru pembuatan biodiesel. Analisis ini mengkaji berbagai pendekatan pemodelan yang digunakan untuk meramalkan hasil panen dan menjamin hasil yang efektif. Selain itu, juga membahas tren masa depan dan kemungkinan kemajuan di sektor ini sambil mengevaluasi, meningkatkan, mengidentifikasi, mengkarakterisasi, dan memberikan informasi terkait tentang efek berbagai elemen pada proses yang terlibat dalam pembuatan biodiesel.  Chemically speaking, biodiesel is a mono-alkyl ester of fatty acids made from either vegetable or animal fats. It is comparable to alternate fuels because petroleum supplies are becoming scarcer. A viable and affordable method for improving efficiency and economics in the processes involved in the synthesis of biodiesel is computational modeling. It is possible to precisely predict possible yields, pinpoint important parameters, and comprehend critical interactions between various elements and their responses by using mathematical modeling. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and related fields have made it possible to forecast a variety of factors, including ideal conditions and process yields. Computational modeling has therefore found use in a variety of biodiesel production procedures. It may become unnecessary to do pilot studies and, in some situations, even large-scale laboratory trials if this computer-based technique is further implemented. This thorough analysis focuses on using computer modeling to mimic the manufacture of biodiesel. It examines the various modeling approaches used to forecast yield and guarantee effective output. Additionally, it discusses future trends and possible advancements in the sector while evaluating, improving, identifying, characterizing, and providing pertinent information on the effects of various elements on the processes involved in the manufacturing of biodiesel.  
Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Nimba Menggunakan Nanocomposite: Optimasi Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Eyide, Odeworitse; Ikechukwu, Nwabuokei Polycarp; Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke
Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS)-Agustus 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/cejs.v5i04.21459

Abstract

Peran biodiesel sebagai pengganti bahan bakar diesel konvensional yang hemat biaya menurunkan senyawa kimia berbahaya dan limbah beracun. Studi ini meneliti penggunaan nanokatalis CaO/TiO2 yang dibuat sebagai berbagai stimulan untuk mentransesterifikasi minyak nimba menjadi biodiesel. Pelumas nimba dipilih sebagai bahan baku untuk pencampuran metil ester, dan studi difokuskan pada pemulihan kondisi reaksi untuk meningkatkan produksi ester. Metode permukaan reaksi (RSM) digunakan untuk menilai secara sistematis berapa banyak faktor proses yang memengaruhi hasil biodiesel. Dengan menentukan kondisi ideal untuk memproduksi biodiesel dari pelumas nimba, yang mencakup rasio memabukkan-untuk-melumasi-objek-tulang-di-mulut sebesar 8:1, tekanan stimulan 1,5%, suhu 55°C, dan waktu respons 60 menit, diperoleh hasil 94,9% yang mencengangkan. Selain kooperatif luar biasa dari penentuan (R2) sebesar 0,9763 untuk hasil biodiesel, model pembalikan polinomial empat sisi orde kedua yang signifikan secara statistik (P < 0,0001) dibangun. Untuk satu penambahan TiO2, volume dan kekuatan motivasi CaO untuk mengubah reaktan menjadi produk ditingkatkan. Dengan mengonfirmasi korelasi yang baik antara berkas eksplorasi dan indikator model, penalaran matematis meningkatkan keandalan model pembalikan. Hasil ini akan menentukan terjadinya prosedur produksi biodiesel yang lebih hemat biaya dan menguntungkan. Kegunaan kembali motivator dinilai selama lima kali pengujian berturut-turut.   Biodiesel's role as a cost-effective substitute for conventional diesel fuel lowers the harmful chemical compounds and toxic waste.   This study examined the usage of a CaO/TiO2 nanocatalyst that was created as a variety of stimulants to transesterify neem oil into biodiesel.   Neem lubricate was chosen as the feedstock for the methyl esters' blending, and the study focused on re-establishing reaction conditions to boost the esters' production.  Reaction surface methods (RSM) were being used to systematically assess how many process factors affected the biodiesel's outcome.  By determining the ideal conditions for producing biodiesel from neem lubricate, which included an intoxicating-to-lubricate-bony-object-in-mouth ratio of 8:1, a stimulant pressure of 1.5%, a temperature of 55°C, and a response time of  60 min, an astounding 94.9% result was obtained.   In addition to an extraordinary cooperative of determination (R2) of 0.9763 for biodiesel yield, a second-order four-sided polynomial reversion model that was statistically significant (P < 0.0001) was constructed.  For one addition of TiO2, the volume and strength of the CaO motivation to convert reactants into product were improved.   By confirming a good correlation between the exploratory dossier and model indicators, the mathematical reasoning improved the reliability of the reversion model.   These results will determine the occurrence of a more cost-effective and lucrative biodiesel production procedure.   The reusability of the motivator was assessed over the course of five consecutive runs.