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Journal : Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology

Design and Implementation of a Smart Traffic Control Signal for Suburban Areas: A Case Study of Tarkwa-Nsuaem Ampem, Isaac Aboagye; Arkorful, Isaac Papa Kwesi; Dwomoh, Lambert; Sefa-Boateng, Yaw
Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/aeit.v2i1.52

Abstract

With the increasing number of cars in suburban areas like Tarkwa-Nsuaem, expensive approaches to expanding road infrastructure are financially impractical for a lower-middle-income country like Ghana. Traffic accidents, causing 1.25 million deaths, up to 50 million injuries annually, and a global ratio of 18 deaths per 100,000 people, demand cost-effective prevention solutions for these suburban communities. This study proposes an ultrasonic sensor-based traffic control system using an HC-SRO4 ultrasonic sensor and an Arduino Nano with an ATMEGA 328P microcontroller. Simulated using Proteus 8 Professional and Arduino 1.6.7 software, the system optimizes traffic flow by eliminating the standard 60-second red light wait time. Vehicles on byways move freely unless a vehicle is sensed on the connecting highway, in which case the wait time is reduced to under 30 seconds. This low-cost, adaptive approach enhances road safety and efficiency, making it a viable alternative for traffic management in resource-constrained suburban communities.
Visualizing Digital Modulation Techniques with Simulink and Raspberry Pi 4 Obeng, Lydia Dede; Aguadze, Michael; Arkorful, Isaac Papa Kwesi
Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/aeit.v2i2.87

Abstract

Digital modulation techniques are fundamental to modern communication systems, enabling the reliable transmission of data over wireless, optical, and wired channels. This research focuses on designing, implementing, and visualizing three key digital modulation schemes: Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK), and Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) using MATLAB Simulink and the Raspberry Pi 4 platform. Performance evaluation through oscilloscope visualization demonstrated robust signal integrity: the 2-ASK transmitter exhibited clear amplitude changes at a 15 kHz carrier frequency, accurately representing binary data with minimal observed noise (qualitative SNR improvement over unmodulated signals) and negligible distortion. The 2-FSK transmitter produced distinct frequency shifts between 4.8 kHz and 9.6 kHz, encoding binary 1 and 0 with low error potential in noise-free conditions, as confirmed by waveform observations. The QPSK transmitter displayed smooth phase transitions at 15 kHz, cycling through four phase states (45°, 135°, 225°, 315°), effectively doubling the data rate compared to BPSK while maintaining phase accuracy within hardware latency limits (approximately 10-20 ms processing delay). The ability to visualize and analyze these methods supports the development of improved modulation schemes, contributing to more efficient and robust digital communication systems.