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Journal : Jurnal Civil Engineering Study

Reservoir inflow prediction using machine learning techniques jan, Shabir
Jurnal Civil Engineering Study Vol. 5 No. 02 (2025): Jurnal Civil Engineering Study
Publisher : Civil Engineering of Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34001/ces.v5i02.1225

Abstract

Accurate reservoir inflow prediction is vital for effective water resource management in regions like the Upper Indus Basin (UIB), characterized by complex hydrological dynamics and increasing climate variability. This study evaluates the performance of Random Forest and KNN algorithms in predicting inflows for the Tarbela Dam, a critical infrastructure in Pakistan. Using historical data on precipitation, temperature, and inflow, the analysis reveals that Random Forest consistently outperforms KNN by capturing the variability and non-linear relationships inherent in UIB's hydrology. Random Forest demonstrated superior accuracy in tracking peaks and troughs, whereas KNN smoothed fluctuations, resulting in underestimations and overestimations, particularly during periods of high inflow. Evaluation metrics, including R², MAE, RMSE, and MBE, confirmed Random Forest's better predictive capabilities, while box plot analysis highlighted its effectiveness in capturing variability and extreme events in inflow data compared to KNN. These results emphasize the importance of accurate inflow predictions for reservoir operation, flood control, and drought mitigation.