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All Journal Alauddin Law Development Journal (ALDEV) Journal of Islamic Economics Pancasila and Law Review Constitutionale Reformasi Hukum al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH) Business and Human Rights Law and Policy
Muhammad jibril, Abubakar
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Religion Humanities Astronomy Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Journal : Constitutionale

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Exposing Constitutional Violations: Vigilante Violence Against Northerners in Southern Nigeria Muhammad jibril, Abubakar
Constitutionale Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/constitutionale.v7i1.4976

Abstract

Vigilante violence in Nigeria, particularly against Northerners in southern regions, exposes a gap between constitutional guarantees and lived reality. Although the Constitution of Nigeria protects the rights to life, equality, and security, weak enforcement has enabled recurring extrajudicial killings and ethnic profiling. This article examines whether such violence violates Section 33 (right to life), Section 42 (freedom from discrimination), and Section 14(2)(b) (state duty to ensure security and welfare). Using doctrinal and socio-legal analysis of constitutional provisions, case law, international instruments, and Amnesty International reports, the study finds persistent violations of life, patterns of indirect discrimination, and state failure to prevent and punish vigilante killings. These failures undermine constitutional legitimacy and national integration. The article recommends stronger accountability, disaggregated crime data, judicial enforcement of state obligations, and community-based initiatives to restore equal protection and the rule of law.
Co-Authors Abdulmudallib Bello, Rabiu Abubakar, Abbas Hoda Gueddi Jelly Akter Nura Sani Yusuf Rabiu Abdulmudallib Bello Saidy Jeng, Lamin Sulaiman Dalha Ahmad Thomas Sheku Marah