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Osime, Evarista Odaburhine

Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Author-ID : 911221

Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy increases fibrinolytic and protein activity in pregnant women Osime, Evarista Odaburhine; Obar, Catherine
Universa Medicina Vol 37, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

BACKGROUNDVarious studies have examined optimal methods for Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and subsequent outcome of response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) as well as the impact of pregnancy on outcomes of HIV in the Pre-HAART era. Little is known of the impact of pregnancy in response to HAART in Africa. This study is aimed to evaluate euglobulin lysis time (ELT), protein C and protein S in HIV-positive pregnant women on HAART.Â METHODSThis was a cross-sectional study comprised of 150 participants attending Ante-Natal Clinic (ANC) in Central Hospital, Benin City. Pregnant women on HAART (Test subjects) (n=50, mean age 34 years), 50 pregnant newly diagnosed HIV-positive women that had not yet commenced HAART (n=50, mean age 31 years) and 50 pregnant HIV-negative women (n=50, mean age 30 years) which served as controls. The ELT was determined by methods described by Bain, protein C and protein S were determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Â RESULTSThere was a significant increase in ELT in both pregnant women on HAART and not on HAART) when compared to HIV-negative pregnant women (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in protein C in test subjects when compared with controls (p<0.05) and protein S increased significantly in HIV-positive pregnant women on HAART when compared to those not on HAART and HIV-negative pregnant women (p<0.05). Â CONCLUSIONThere are changes in ELT, protein C and protein S parameters with the introduction of HAART in pregnancy.

Haemostatic properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Chromolaena odorata leaf extracts using Wistar rat model Matthew, Lucy Omokhegbe; Osime, Evarista Odaburhine
Universa Medicina Vol 38, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

BACKGROUNDThe leaves of African plants are widely employed in Nigeria to control bleeding from wounds. This work is aimed at evaluating the haemostatic effects of Vernonia amygdalina (VA/bitter leaf) and Chromolaena odorata (CO/sunflower) leaves on some haemostatic parameters.METHODSA laboratory study of experimental design was conducted involving 35 Wistar rats that were randomized into seven groups. Groups 1 and 2 received leaf extracts of VA at concentrations of 150 and 250mg/kg BW, respectively; groups 3 and 4 received leaf extracts of CO at 150 and 250mg/kg BW; groups 5 and 6 received combined leaf extracts of VA and CO at 150 and 250mg/kg BW, respectively, for 30 days. The last group 7 as control group received only water. Parameters investigated were clotting time (CT), fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time test (APTT), factor VII, protein C and D â€“ dimer.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in CT, fibrinogen concentration and PT in the intervention groups compared to controls (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in APTT, factor VII and protein C in the intervention groups compared to the controls (p>0.05). D-dimer levels were observed to increase significantly in rats treated with 150mg/kg BW of VA and 150mg/kgBW of the combined leaf extracts (VA/CO) compared to the controls (p<0.05).ConclusionThe VA and CO extracts reduced CT, PT, fibrinogen concentrations and increased D-dimer levels in rats. This study suggests the possible incorporation of the leave extracts of VA and CO in bleeding diathesis as well as in coagulation studies.

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Journal : Universa Medicina