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All Journal International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research
Wijaya, Rifqi Al Baihaqi
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Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation

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Period of Efficient Underwater Hull Cleaning Wijaya, Rifqi Al Baihaqi; Baidowi, Achmad; Sunarsih
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

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Abstract

Biofouling is a collection of unwanted living organisms on surfaces submerged in water. Biofouling is a complex occurrence caused by various physical and environmental factors that can be overcome by regular hull cleaning. The main purpose of underwater hull cleaning is to remove dirt and restore propulsion efficiency. Another benefit of hull cleaning against biofouling is to restore or rejuvenate the effectiveness of antifouling paint. This study aims to determine the extent of the effect of periodic underwater hull cleaning, with results used to determine the most efficient time interval for performing periodic hull cleaning and the percentage of fuel that can be saved by performing periodic underwater cleaning. The methods used in this study included identifying biofouling growth through flat-plate experiments immersed in the waters of the Madura Strait and modeling surface roughness growth using regression simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) on a three-dimensional tanker model. Simulations were conducted with speed variations of 10, 12, 14, and 16 knots, and biofouling growth periods of 7, 12, 18, and 24 months. The study's results show that biofouling increases ship resistance by an average of 2-3% per month compared to ships with clean hulls. Analysis of underwater hull-cleaning scenarios shows that cleaning at 18 months results in the lowest fuel consumption across all speed variations tested. At a speed of 10 knots, fuel savings reached 5.7% or 54.93 tons, at 12 knots 3.3% or 59.65 tons, at 14 knots 2.7% or 101.76 tons, and at 16 knots 9.3% or 1421.21 tons compared to ships without hull cleaning. In conclusion, the most efficient underwater hull cleaning period is every 18 months after sailing.
Co-Authors Achmad Baidowi, Achmad Sunarsih