PERGESERAN PERATURAN PENGGUNAAN TENAGA KERJA ASING DI INDONESIA (Dalam Perspektif Pendekatan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia)

Nanda Putra Nurprimastya

Jurnal Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum
Sarjana Ilmu Hukum, Juli 2019

Nanda Putra Nurprimastya, Ratih Dheviana Puru HT, SH., LLM, Syahrul Sajidin, SH., M.H Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Brawijaya [e-mail]   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pergeseran peraturan penggunaan TKA di Indonesia dilihat dari perspektif perlindungan hukum bagi TKI. Selain itu, dilakukan analisa terkait wujud peraturan TKA yang ideal dan memenuhi konsep perlindungan hukum bagi TKI yang ada di Indonesia sehingga kepastian hukum terwujud. Pergeseran peraturan penggunaan TKA mulai dari tahun 1958 hingga 2018 secara signifikan. Pergeseran berupa peyempurnaan namun juga ada kemudahan dalam administrasi serta penghapusan beberapa norma yang berakibat mempermudah TKA masuk ke Indonesia. Melihat kondisi tersebut perlu dibuat norma yang mencerminkan perlindungan hukum bagi TKI berdasarkan UUD NRI 1945. Adapun norma tersebut diantaranya: penggunaan TKA tidak boleh berlangsung terus-menerus, kewajiban menyerap TKI dalam setiap penggunaan TKA, memberikan kepastian kerja bagi TKI pendamping setelah masa kerja TKA berakhir, mengembalikan ketentuan IMTA, TKA wajib mampu berbahasa Indonesia, TKA membuat pernyataan mengalihkan keahliannya pada TKI pendamping dan lolos tes kesehatan, penilaian kelayakan dengan verifikasi lapangan, penerbitan IMTA melibatkan kementerian terkait, menggunakan mata uang rupiah dalam transaksi ketenagakerjaan dan menambah sanksi pidana. Dengan beberapa perubahan norma diharapkan memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi TKI. Kata Kunci : Pergeseran Peraturan, Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA), Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI), Perlindungan Hukum, Kepastian Hukum   ABSTRACT This study is aimed to find out the shift in the regulation to employ foreign workers based on the perspective of legal protection for Indonesian workers. Analysis of the regulation concerning foreign workers was also performed for more ideal and relevant concept of legal protection for Indonesian workers in Indonesia, which is intended to gain legal certainty. The shift in the regulation from 1958 to 2018 was deemed significant, where it was found out that the shift involved the improvement in the administration, which is aimed for easier administrative process, and the abolishment of several norms to more strictly filter the entering foreign workers to Indonesia. As a consequence, the norm reflecting legal protection for Indonesian workers based on the 1945 Indonesian Constitution is required, in which the norm should restrict the frequency of the employment of foreign workers; Indonesian workers must always be involved in the sectors that employ foreign workers; the job available for Indonesian co-worker should remain guaranteed even after the working period of the foreign workers ends; the provisions of IMTA (permit to employ foreign workers) must be returned; foreign workers must be proficient in bahasa Indonesia; foreign works must transfer their skills to Indonesian workers in statement and they also have to pass medical check-up and feasibility test supported by field verification; issuance of IMTA must involve related ministry; IDR must be used in every transaction and sanction must be imposed. The shift in several norms as mentioned is expected to give protection for Indonesian workers.     Keywords: shift in regulation, foreign workers, Indonesian workers, legal protection, legal certainty