Hydrocracking of Non-edible Vegetable Oils with Co-Ni/HZSM-5 Catalyst to Gasoil Containing Aromatics

Danawati Hari Prajitno (Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Reaction, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111)
Achmad Roesyadi (Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Reaction, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111)
Muhammad Al-Muttaqii (Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Reaction, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111)
Lenny Marlinda (Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Reaction, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya 60111)

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)

Biofuel has been considered as one of the environmentally friendly energy sources to substitute fossil fuel derived from non-edible vegetable oil. This research aims to investigate the effect of the non-edible vegetable oil composition on a specific hydrocarbons distribution contained in biofuel and the aromatics formation through hydrocracking reaction with the Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst. The formation of aromatics from non-edible vegetable oils, such as: Cerbera manghas, rubber seed, and sunan candlenut oils, containing saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids is presented. The hydrocracking reaction was carried out in a pressure batch reactor, a reaction temperature of 350 oC for 2 h, reactor pressure of 15 bar after flowing H2 for 1 hour, and a catalyst/oil ratio of 1 g/200 mL. Liquid hydrocarbon product was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on the GC-MS analysis, hydrocracking on three different oils indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids were required to produce relatively high aromatics content. The sunan candlenut oil can be converted to gasoil range hydrocarbons containing a small amount of aromatic through hydrocracking reaction. Meanwhile, the aromatics in liquid product from hydrocracking of Cerbera manghas and rubber seed oils were not found.