Interleukin-13, Interleukin-10, Interferon-gamma and IDO Production in Response to Home Dust Mites in Allergic Asthma

Cityta Putri Kwarta (Magister Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.5, Jakarta)
Heri Wibowo (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.5, Jakarta)
Yordan Khaedir (Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.5, Jakarta)
Iris Rengganis (Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital, Jl. Diponogoro No.71, Jakarta)
Hanny Siti Nuraeni (Magister Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.5, Jakarta)

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Vol 11, No 2 (2019)

BACKGROUND: Allergic asthma is a degenerative atopic disease caused by allergic or hypersensitivity type-1. More than 50% of people with allergic asthma are caused by the presence of house dust mites (HDMs) allergens.METHODS: The cellular immunity response was evaluated through a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture isolated from blood, using the ficoll gradient technique. Subjects were atopic asthma groups and non-atopic asthma groups. PBMC from each subject cultured was stimulated with HDMs allergen, then incubated in a CO2 5% incubator, 37o C for 72 hours. With the multiplex assay method, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-10 were measured, meanwhile indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase level (IDO) was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) sandwich methods.RESULTS: The IFN-γ production in the supernatant of PBMC cultures was stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium and allergens. The IFN-γ production in allergen-stimulated supernatants showed higher level of IFN-γ in the nonatopic group (4,681,455±3,434,851) than atopic group (4,363,300±2,067,941) even though it was not statistically significant (p=0.078). There were no differences between the mean of IL-13 production in atopic asthma group and non-atopic group. The IL-10 production in allergenstimulated supernatants was shown to be higher in nonatopic group and were statistically significantly different (p=0.015). The IDO production in allergen-stimulated supernatants was shown to be higher in the non-atopic group (272,231±269,564) than in the actopic group (13,273±400), and it was significantly different (p=0.007).CONCLUSION: Cellular immune profile of subjects with allergic asthma to Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus (Der p) is characterized by a type-2 inflammatory response that is dominant compared to type-1 inflammation (higher IL-13 ratio compared to IFN-γ) and to the role of anti-inflammation (higher IL-13 ratio compared to IL-10). The decline in IDO production in allergic asthma subjects to Der p is thought to be related to the low cellular immune response in expressing IFN-γ compared to IL-13.KEYWORDS: interleukin-13, interleukin-10, IDO, PBMC, asthma