<![CDATA[This research analized the “form, function and meaning, and subtitution ofjodoushi {~nakerebanaranai}, {~bekida} and {~zaru o enai} in the novel Tobu gaGotoku volume 1-10 written by Ryoutarou Shiba”. The theory which were usedreferred to the opinions of Sakata an Kuramochi (1993) dan Makino and Tsutsui(1989&1995). The result of this research shown that jodoushi{~nakerebanaranai} contains the meaning of necessity on an obligation.Jodoushi {~bekida} contains the meaning of necessity for opponents about thehope of something happen. Jodoushi {~zaru o enai} contains the meaning ofnecessity that have to be performed when there is no other choices except have todoing something. In the other hand, jodoushi {~zaru o enai} can be replace byjodoushi {~nakerebanaranai} when it mean is must to do something because nomore choise anymore. Jodoushi {~zaru o enai} cannot be replacing jodoushi{~nakerebanaranai} when it show a necessity based on obligation.]]>
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