Clinicopathological analysis of 847 odontogenic cysts examined over 10 years period: A retrospective study

Md-Kalim Ansari (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, India)
Sharique Alam (Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Aligarh Muslim University, India)
Fatima Meraj (Department of Pathology, JNMCH, Aligarh Muslim University, India)
Syed S. Ahmad (Aligarh Muslim University)
Shaikh Amjad Khan Munir (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, India)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021): (Available online: 1 August 2021)

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze and report the prevalence, frequency, sex distribution, site distribution and clinicopathological features of odontogenic cysts in an institutional academic dental hospital by studying the biopsy specimens and clinical records obtained from the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Department of Pathology, A.M.U, Aligarh, India, during the past 10 years.Material and methods: Data on odontogenic jaw cysts treated between 2009 and 2018 were retrieved from clinical files; imaging and histopathology reports and a total of 847 patients were included. In each case, we analyzed age, gender, type and number of cysts, and cyst location. Imaging characteristics and pathologies associated with cystic lesions were also determined.Results: Diagnosis of odontogenic cyst was made in 847 cases and accounted for 10.9 % of all lesions biopsied (7748) throughout the period. Mean age of the patient was 28.2 years, and 57.3 % were males. The overall male to female ratio was 1.34:1. Radicular cyst was most prevalent histological type (54.54 %) followed by dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, lateral periodontal cyst, residual cyst, botryoid odontogenic cyst, gingival cyst. The distribution of cysts were nearly equal in mandible (51.6%) and maxilla (48.4%) with the most common location being anterior maxilla and posterior mandible. The most prevalent radiological feature of these lesions was unilocular cyst (88.78%). Associated pathologies with cystic lesions like displacement and resorption of teeth occurred in 14.7%.Conclusions: The prevalence, distribution and characteristics of odontogenic cysts of oral cavity and jaws, have some differences as well as similarities with findings of studies in different populations. The prevalence of inflammatory cyst was greater than developmental cyst in this study. The three most common cyst (Radicular cyst, Dentigerous and Odontogenic keratocyst) comprised 96.8% of all odontogenic cysts in the present study.