Sulforaphane as a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis: a review article

Gede Febby Pratama Kusuma, Pratama Kusuma (Doctoral Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia. Address: Jalan P. B. Sudirman, Dangin Puri Klod, Denpasar, Bali – Indonesia (80232). E-mail: [e-mail])
Kadek Dede Frisky Wiyanjana (Neurosurgery Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia. Address: Jalan P. B. Sudirman, Dangin Puri Klod, Denpasar, Bali – Indonesia (80232). E-mail: [e-mail])
Sri Maliawan (Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Address: Jalan Diponegoro, Dauh Puri Klod, Denpasar, Bali – Indonesia (80113). E-mail: [e-mail])

Indonesian Archives of Biomedical Research (InABR)
Vol 1 No 2 (2021): Indonesian Archives of Biomedical Research (InABR). 1(2): 2021

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated Neuroinflammatory disease that attacks the Central Nervous System (CNS). It creates serious physical disabilities characterized by neuronal injury, demyelination, and axonal loss. Several mechanisms are responsible for the progression of MS, including the infiltration of T-cells from the peripheral to the CNS, the autoreactivity of B-cells that contribute to abnormal regulation of antibodies and antigen presentation, and the assault of Macrophage that lead to inflammation and neuron damage. Additionally, oxidative stress plays a more important role in chronic inflammation of MS. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate derived from glucoraphanin (GRA) that is found mostly in broccoli. SFN can act as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent by activating the Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-(NF-E2-) Related Factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 is expressed in the central nervous system and upregulated in response to inflammation and cerebral insults. Nrf2 binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) which is a DNA promoter region of genes codifying antioxidant enzymes, which in turn can reduce oxidative stress. Several in vitro and in vivo studies show that SFN can increase the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant genes. Thus, SFN is very promising as a potential therapy for MS.