Terapi Nanopartikel Albumin-Kurkumin Atasi Kanker Payudara Multidrug Resistant

Salim, Michael
Susanto, Albert
Stefanus, Dicky

Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Vol 41, No 9 (2014): Diabetes Mellitus

Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling sering dijumpai dan banyak menyebabkan kematian pada perempuan. Keberhasilan kemoterapi hanya sekitar 10-15%. Kendala kemoterapi adalah berkembangnya resistensi terhadap berbagai obat yang disebut multi-drug resistance (MDR). Kunyit (Curcuma longa) adalah tanaman herbal, memiliki bahan aktif yang disebut kurkumin. Berbagai penelitian memperlihatkan efek antikarsinogenik kurkumin terhadap kanker payudara. Kurkumin dapat menghindari efek protein transport ATP-binding cassette (ABC) yang menyebabkan MDR pada kanker payudara. Kendala aplikasi kurkumin dalam dunia medis yaitu bioavailabilitasnya sangat rendah. Human serum albumin (HSA) merupakan pembawa obat alamiah dalam tubuh. Enkapsulasi kurkumin dalam HSA meningkatkan bioavailabilitas tanpa efek toksik dan imunogenik, efisien membawa obat dan mudah diproduksi. Metode enkapsulasi paling cocok adalah nanoparticle albumin bound (nab). Nanopartikel HSA-kurkumin selektif terdeposit pada jaringan kanker payudara karena efek enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) dan oleh protein pada sel kanker payudara yaitu reseptor albumin gp60 dan secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC).Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and causes high mortality. Chemotherapy has only 10-15% success rate. A particular problem is resistance to different types of drug, called multidrug resistance. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a herbal plant with curcumin as active substance. Many researches show anti-carcinogenic effect of curcumin in breast cancer. Curcumin can also avoid the effect of transport protein ATP-binding cassette (ABC) that can cause MDR in breast cancer. The problem is its low bioavailability. Human serum albumin (HSA) can act as a natural drug mediator in human body. Encapsulation of curcumin in HSA can increase its bioavailability without any toxic and immunogenic effect, distributing drug more efficiently, and also easy to produce. The most suitable method for this encapsulation is nanoparticle albumin bound (nab). HSA-curcumin nanoparticle can be selectively deposited in breast cancer tissue due to its enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and by the presence of albumin receptor gp60, and secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC).