Evaluasi dan Seleksi Ketahanan Lili Hasil Induksi Mutasi Kimia terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lilii (Evaluation and Selection for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lilii in Lily)

Ridho Kurniati (Balai penelitian tanaman hias (IOCRI))
Budi Marwoto (Balai penelitian tanaman hias (IOCRI))
Evi Silvia (Balai penelitian tanaman hias (IOCRI))
Eka Fibriyanti (Balai penelitian tanaman hias (IOCRI))

Jurnal Hortikultura
Vol 31, No 2 (2021): Desember 2021

Perakitan varietas tahan penyakit menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida kimiawi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan tanaman lili tahan penyakit busuk umbi yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lilii. Bahan yang digunakan ialah lili Asiatik cv. Purple Maroon hasil induksi mutagen kimia Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) 0, 0,1; 0,2; 0,3; dan 0,4 ml/l. Media seleksi yang digunakan ialah humus bambu dan pupuk kandang yang telah diberi inokulan cendawan Fusarium oxysporum (105 sel konidia/g media). Hasil evaluasi dan seleksi menunjukkan intensitas serangan tertinggi terjadi pada tanaman kontrol (37,6%) dan sebaliknya pada tanaman mutan.Tanaman lili hasil induksi EMS 0,1; 0,2; dan 0,3 ml/l menunjukkan intesintas serangan rendah yaitu (17,6 dan 19,2%) dan termasuk dalam kelompok tahan terhadap Fusarium, sementara perlakuan EMS 0,4 ml/l menghasilkan mutan agak tahan terhadap Fusarium dengan intensitas serangan 24%. Induksi mutagen kimia EMS tidak menyebabkan perubahan morfologi bunga lili, namun terjadi peningkatan ketahanan terhadap infeksi Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lilii.KeywordsFusarium oxysporum; Ethyl Methane Sulphonate; Varietas tahan penyakitAbstractDisease resistance of ornamental plants induced by chemical mutagen was an option to reduce chemical fungicide. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) was a chemical mutagen that was used in this experiment. The objectives of the experiments were to obtain resistant disease of Fusarium oxysporum in Lily. Asiatic lily (Purple Maroon) induced by EMS 0; 0,1; 0,2; 0,3; and 0,4 ml/l were used as materials. Selection media used bamboo media, organic fertilizer, and 105 conidia cel/g media of Fusarium oxysporum inoculant. Lily was induced by EMS 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 ml/l indicated the low intensity of disease severity index of Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lilii (17.6 and 19.2%). These lilies were resistant to Fusarium oxysporum fsp lilii. Otherwise, lily (EMS 0.4 ml/l) was moderate. None of the flowers morphologically were changed, but there was an increase of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lilii.