Economic Feasibility of Six Vanilla Clones to Support the Release of a Superior Variety Resistant to Stem Rot Diseases

Pribadi, MSc, Ir. Ekwasita Rini ((Ekofisiology), (h-index:5), Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute)
Poentiyanti, Endang Hadi (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)
Wahyuni, Sri (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)
Sukamto, Sukamto (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)
Purwiyanti, Susi (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)
Sirait, Nursalam (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)
Heryanto, Rubi (Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Reserach Institute)

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Vol 27, No 2 (2021): December 2021

The superiority of a variety can be measured by its cultivation’s production performance and financial feasibility. In 2013-2019 Adaptation tests of 6 clones and 2 superior varieties (Vania 1 and Vania 2) were conducted in three different agro-ecologies areas, namely Natar BPTP Experimental station, Lampung (100 m asl), Sukamulya IP2TP (350 m asl), Wiyana Mukti University Plantation, Sumedang (856 m asl). The treatment design used was a randomized block design (RBD). The treatment consisted of six clones and two released high-yielding varieties (Vania 1 and Vania 2) as controls with four replications and a plant spacing of 1.5 x 1.25 m. The observed variables consisted of the production and economic aspects. The feasibility test was carried out with several investment feasibility criteria, namely B/C ratio, NPV, IRR, and ratios between net income and gross income, as well as local efficiency (price) based on the ratio between operating costs and gross income. The result showed that P35 genotype had a potential weight of dry beans and financial analysis better than Vania 1 and Vania 2. It was also resistant to vanilla stem rot diseases, so that it was proposed to be developed as superior seeds and it should be accompanied by standardized vanilla cultivation.Keywords: Vanilla plantifolia, multilocation test, production, vanilla stem rot diseases (SRD) AbstrakKELAYAKAN EKONOMI ENAM KLON HARAPAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG PELEPASAN VARIETAS VANILI TAHAN PENYAKIT BUSUK BATANGKeunggulan suatu varietas dapat diukur dari kinerja produksi dan kelayakan finansial budidayanya. Untuk memperoleh varietas unggul vanili, telah dilakukan uji adaptasi klon harapan vanili pada 2013 sampai 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya Sukabumi (350 m dpl), Kebun BP2TP Natar (100 m dpl), dan Kebun Universitas Wiyana Mukti Sumedang (856 m dpl). Rancangan perlakuan yang digunakan adalah faktor tunggal, terdiri dari 6 klon harapan serta 2 varietas unggul (Vania 1 dan Vania 2) sebagai pembanding (kontrol). Rancangan acak kelompok diulang 4 kali dengan jarak tanam 1,5 x 1,25 m. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, kinerja klon harapan diukur dengan rata-rata produksi polong segar dan polong kering per satuan luas dari tiga kebun percobaan. Analisis efisiensi ekonomis berdasarkan: (1) kelayakan finansial dengan mengukur NPV, IRR, dan B/C rasio; (2) rasio antara pendapatan bersih dan pendapatan kotor, serta efisiensi alokatif (harga) berdasarkan rasio antara biaya operasional dan pendapatan kotor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon P35 mempunyai potensi produksi polong kering dan kriteria kelayakan ekonomi yang lebih baik daripada Vania 1 dan Vania 2, serta ketahanan terhadap busuk batang vanili (BBV) sehingga prospektif untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai benih unggul. Penggunaan klon P35 sebagai benih harus disertai dengan SOP budidaya vanili yang terstandar.Kata kunci: Vanilla plantifolia, uji multilokasi, produksi, BBV