Determination of ZNHD based on GPS Data, Radiosonde, and Numerical Weather Model

Susilo Susilo (Geodesy Research Division, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung, 40132, West Java, INDONESIA Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), INDONESIA)
Dudy D. Wijaya (Geodesy Research Division, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung, 40132, West Java, INDONESIA)
Wedyanto Kuntjoro (Geodesy Research Division, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung, 40132, West Java, INDONESIA)
Joni Efendi (Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), INDONESIA)

Indonesian Journal of Geospatial
Vol 1 No 2 (2012)

Abstract. Water vapor is a principal element in the thermodynamics of the atmosphere and plays an important role in clouds condensation, which eventually can affect the radiative energy balance. Water vapor cobservation is essential for monitoring global/regional scale of weather and climate changes. However, high variation of water vapor concentrations makes it difficult to observe accurately using the conventional meteorogical observation technique (radiosonde), which is limited in both space and time. Nowadays, accurate observation of water vapor can be accomplished by the Global Positioning System (GPS). In this research, we use 14 continuous GPS stations from Bakosurtanal to observe temporal characteristic of water vapor concentration over West Java region.Keywords: GPS, NCEP, radiosonde, topographic, ZNHD