Bioinformatic analysis of lucifensin potential as a nutraceutical source for livestock

Moh Mirza Nuryady (Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, 65144)
Diani Fatmawati (Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, 65144)
Kiky Martha Ariesaka (Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281)
Inggita Utami (Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, 55166)
Rita Maliza (Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Andalas University, Padang, 25175)
Ika Wahyuni (Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystem, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium)

Livestock and Animal Research
Vol 20, No 2 (2022): Livestock and Animal Research

Objective: High number of antibiotic resistance cases in livestock will impact on increasing cases of microbe’s infection. On the other hand, the use of synthetic antibiotics is currently limited. A possible alternative can be used is the utilization of foods that possess medicinal effects (nutraceuticals). The use of animal feed sourced from Diptera larvae has been increasing widely, due to its high protein content. In addition, it is comprised of nutraceuticals as antimicrobial peptides like lucifensin. This study aimed at determining the potential of lucifensin as a nutraceutical product for livestock based on bioinformatics study.Methods: This study is descriptive research. The lucifensin protein data was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The protein relationship analysis was performed using Blast-NCBI and lipinski Rules of 5 (Ro5) analysis to determine its potential as an oral drug (bioavailability). The molecular docking was used Swiss Docking online with lucifensin as target protein and Lipoteichoic Acid (LTAs) of Staphyllococus aureus as ligand.Results: The relationship analysis results showed that the lucifensin protein was related to two proteins of the other orders of diptera such as phormicin and sapecin. This protein belongs to the defensin protein family in which its coding genes are conserved until the order level. The Ro5 results showed that the mass of lucifensin protein was 312 daltons, its high lippopolycity was -0.5, it has five hydrogen bond donors, six hydrogen bond acceptors, and its molar refractivity was 77.14. Toxicity test also showed that this protein is classified as a safe component, and the docking results illustrate a strong energy bond that plays an important role in antimicrobial activity.Conclusions: In conclusion, lucifensin protein in the Lucilia sp. larvae is potential to be used as a livestock nutraceutical source that acts as an antimicrobial peptide.