Karakteristik penderita psoriasis di poliklinik rawat jalan dermatologi dan venereologi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2020

Lisa Alverina (Apprentice, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital)
Dedianto Hidajat (Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital)
I Wayan Hendrawan (Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital)
I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratna Medikawati (Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital)

ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran
Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)

Introduction: Psoriasis is an immunologically mediated chronic disease characterized by skin inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. The incidence in the total population in the United States is 63.8 per 100,000 person-years. The incidence increases with age and peaks among individuals aged 70 to 79 years at a rate of 92.3 per 100,000 person-years. This research aims to determine the characteristics of psoriasis sufferers in the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Polyclinic of the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province for the period January 2016 - December 2020Method: The research design used was a descriptive retrospective by taking secondary data from medical records in new psoriasis patients for the period January 2016 – December 2020 who came for treatment.Result: The total number of patient visits at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Polyclinic of the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province for the January 2016 – December 2020 period was 8,524 people. The study found 140 new patients (92.7%), which were dominated by women (52.1%). The incidence of psoriasis in 2016-2020 was 16.42%. The highest age group was found at the age of 41-50 years as many as 33 people (23.6%), the most visits in 2018 were 37 people (26.4%), the predominant diagnosis was psoriasis vulgaris as many as 105 people (75%) with the site of the lession in the trunk as many as 93 people (66.4%). Therapy was dominated by topical therapy as many as 131 people (93.6%) and systemic therapy as many as 108 people (77.1%). Systemic therapy with methotrexate injection was 78 people (72.2%), and the topical combination of steroids and salicylic acid were 79 people (60.3%) were the most frequently used.Conclusion: Psoriasis sufferers in the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Polyclinic of the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province have a tendency to increase every year. The therapy given is topical therapy with the most administration in the form of a combination of topical corticosteroids and salicylic acid, and the most systemic therapy is methotrexate injection.  Latar Belakang: Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik yang diperantarai secara imunologis serta ditandai dengan adanya inflamasi kulit dan hiperplasia epidermal. Insidensi dalam populasi keseluruhan di Amerika Serikat adalah 63,8 per 100.000 orang-tahun. Insiden meningkat dengan usia dan memuncak di antara individu berusia 70 sampai 79 tahun dengan angka 92,3 per 100.000 orang-tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita psoriasis di Poliklinik Rawat Jalan Dermatologi dan Venereologi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2020Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah retrospektif deskriptif dengan cara mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medis pada pasien psoriasis baru periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2020 yang datang berobat.Hasil: Total kunjungan pasien di poliklinik rawat jalan Dermatologi dan Venereologi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2020 adalah sebanyak 8.524 orang. Pada penelitian didapatkan 140 pasien baru (92,7%) yang didominasi oleh perempuan (52,1%). Angka insidensi psoriasis pada tahun 2016-2020 didapatkan sebesar 16,42%. Kelompok usia terbanyak didapatkan pada usia 41-50 tahun sebanyak 33 orang (23,6%), kunjungan terbanyak pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 37 orang (26,4%), diagnosis yang mendominasi adalah psoriasis vulgaris sebanyak 105 orang (75%) dengan lokasi lesi badan sebanyak 93 orang (66,4%). Terapi didominasi oleh terapi topikal sebanyak 131 orang (93,6%) dan terapi sistemik sebanyak 108 orang (77,1%). Pemberian terapi sistemik methotrexate injeksi sebanyak 78 orang (72,2%) serta pada topikal kombinasi dari steroid dan asam salisilat sebanyak 79 orang (60,3%) merupakan yang paling sering digunakan.Simpulan: Penderita psoriasis di Poliklinik Rawat Jalan Dermatologi dan Venereologi RSUD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat memiliki kecenderungan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Terapi yang diberikan yaitu terapi topikal dengan pemberian terbanyak berupa kombinasi topikal kortikosteroid dan asam salisilat serta pemberian terapi sistemik terbanyak berupa injeksi metotreksat. Data ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi penelitian selanjutnya terkait psoriasis di Nusa Tenggara Barat.