<![CDATA[Background: Biphasic calcium phosphate considered a good synthetic bone graft substitutes, and its effective role in sinus floor lifting. Alendronate (ALN) is a common formula of bisphosphonates that have potential effects to decrease the osteoclast differentiation. Aim of study is -to evaluate histologic and histomorphometric effect of local alendronate with BCP with ratio( 30: 70)when used with a rabbit sinus. Materials and Methods:--8 male adult (New Zeeland) rabbits were selected. Sixsteen sinus floor, elevation procedures, were prepared, 2 on each animal and were distributed into two groups (n=4): the BCP group, where the sinus was grafted with, B CP with HA ׃β ̵ TCP (30 ׃70).And BCP/ALN group, where the sinus grafted with (OSTEON II), mixed with Alendronate solution, the solution was prepared by dissolving of 20 mg of ALN with 1 ml of distal water. The rabbits killed at 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after surgery and the histological analysis were achieved. The histologic evaluation was performed using a light microscope. The new bone area represents the proportion of dark red area to the total augmented area, while the (FCT) represents the proportion of light red area to the total augmented area. Results: Although there were significant differences of new bone formation between two study groups after 7,14 and 30 days periods ,but there's non-significant differences occurred after 60 days . In addition, the FCT area was decreased in these two groups with the progressing healing periods, at the same time the FCT area was less in BCP/AL group; and there were statistically nonsignificant differences between two groups after 60 days periods. Conclusions: - Local application of ALN with BCP with the (HA: β ̵ TCP (30:70)) ratio, did not have beneficial effects when augmented sinus rabbit model to increase bone formation. Keywords: Biphasic calcium phosphate; Alendronate; Rabbit maxillary sinus.]]>
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