Synthesis of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron with Polyphenol Extract from Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) Through a Stepwise Reaction and Adsorption Test on Pb(II)

Yuliana Dewi Anugrah (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia)
Annissa Amalia (Department of Chemical Analysis, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jl. Pangeran Sogiri No. 283, Tanah Baru, Bogor Utara, Kota Bogor 16154, Indonesia)
Salma Fitri Annisa (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Margonda Raya, Kota Depok 16424, Indonesia)

Chemistry and Materials
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)

Polyphenols from clove extract (Syzygium aromaticum) were successfully used as reducing agents to synthesize nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). Optimization of nZVI synthesis was carried out by reacting polyphenols and FeSO4 at a composition of 0.25:4.75, 1:4, 2:3, and 3:2. The particle size analyzer showed that the smaller particle size distribution was obtained at nZVI 0.25:4.75, with values of D10 = 85.1 nm, D50 = 122 nm, and D90 = 175 nm. The results of the Pb(II) removal test showed that nZVI 0.25:4.75 had a fairly high percentage of Pb(II) removal, which was 96.4852% at 60 minutes. The smaller particle size of nZVI 0.25:4.75 compared to other samples is an important factor affecting the adsorption activity of Pb(II) in an aqueous medium.