Patients with COVID-19 Critical Illness Have a Significantly Higher Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index on Admission

Fenty Fenty (Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia)
Dita Maria Virginia (Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia)
I Made Adi Ananda Putra (Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia)
Devie Kristiani (Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, 55224, Indonesia)
Lisa Kuniasari (Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, 55224, Indonesia)

Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas
Vol 20, No 1 (2023)

The severity of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has been correlated to the massive inflammatory response. Patients with COVID-19 have a higher inflammatory marker. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) can be considered as an indicator of the immune-inflammatory status. Many studies stated that SII could significantly indicate the severity of COVID-19. This research aimed to explore the admission SII score and its association with the severity of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. It was a cross-sectional observational study. Data were collected retrospectively from the electronic medical records (ERM) and Laboratory Information System (LIS).  The severity of COVID-19 and laboratory data on admission were analyzed. There were 180 patients (49.4% males and 50.6% female) with COVID-19 included in this research. Of these 180 patients, 22. 8% were categorized as mild, 18.9 moderate, 37.2% severe, and 21.1% were critical cases. Patients with critical illness had significantly higher SII scores than other groups with a p-value 0.05. SII on admission could be a noticeable predictor of the occurrence of critically ill COVID-19 patients.