Isolation, Identification and Assessment of Efficient Cellulase Producing Bacteria from the Termite Guts

Sirikhwan Tinrat (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand)
Lueacha Tabtimmai (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand)
Saranya Sedtananun (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand)
Chakrit Tachaapaikoon (Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10150, Thailand. Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and)
Kiattawee Choowongkomon (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand)

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Vol. 31 No. 1 (2024): January 2024

The present study is concerned with the screening the cellulase-producing bacteria from termite gut, assessed potential cellulase-producing bacteria and partial characterization (optimum parameters) of cellulase from isolated bacteria. The result showed that 15 out of 48 isolated strains was positive for degrading the carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) in agar by congo-red method. After screening by DNS assay, three selected bacteria exhibited high cellulase activity that were identified as Citrobacter amalonaticus CM 1-3, Bacillus cereus CM 5-1 and Streptococcus salivarius CE 5-1 using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. All bacterial strains utilized CMC and showed the highest cellulase activity. Cellulase characterization of C. amalonaticus CM 1-3 and S. salivarius CE 5-1 was revealed optimum activity at 35°C, pH 7.0 and for 48 h. Bacillus cereus CM 5-1 represented its potential use in industrial processes due to thermostable cellulase production. The crude cellulase of this strain was purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation with 1.58 purification fold and 74.38% overall recovery. The optimal temperature and pH for cellulase activity of B. cereus CM 5-1 were at 40°C and pH 7.0. Thus, this study provided additional information about the diversity and partial characteristic cellulase of cellulolytic bacteria from termite gut for future industrial applications.