Dietary diversity on complementary feeding by maternal employment status during COVID-19 Pandemic

Rahayu, Herwinda Kusuma (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya 99, Tamantirto Yogyakarta)
Paratmanitya, Yhona (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya 99, Tamantirto Yogyakarta)
Herawati, Herni Dwi (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya 99, Tamantirto Yogyakarta)
Nguyen, Esther M (Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health)
Nuryani, Rindi (Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta, Jalan Brawijaya 99, Tamantirto Yogyakarta)

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics)
VOLUME 12 ISSUE 2, 2024

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Praktik pemberian Makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI) yang tepat selama pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan tersendiri karena kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengurangi penularan virus di tempat kerja seperti perubahan status pekerjaan termasuk bekerja dari rumah. Perubahan status pekerjaan, khususnya bagi ibu bekerja, berkaitan dengan keragaman pola makan dalam praktik pemberian MPASI.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak status pekerjaan ibu terhadap Keanekaragaman Gizi Minimum (MDD) selama pandemi COVID-19.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan dan online self-administered questionnaires digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari 403 ibu yang memiliki anak usia 6-23 bulan yang tinggal di Jawa, Indonesia.Hasil: Secara keseluruhan, 91,1% anak memenuhi kriteria MDD. Dalam model yang disesuaikan, anak-anak dengan ibu yang bekerja di luar rumah dikaitkan dengan penurunan peluang mengalami MDD (AOR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.42-0.98). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan MDD pada praktik pemberian MPASI adalah daerah tempat tinggal (AOR: 0.12; 95%CI: 0.03-0.54), usia anak (AOR: 2.93; 95%CI: 1.12-7.67), dan usia ibu (AOR: 1.39 ; 95%CI: 1,16-3,93).Kesimpulan: Praktik pemberian makanan pendamping ASI dipengaruhi oleh status pekerjaan ibu selama pandemi. Namun demikian, strategi lain untuk meningkatkan keragaman pangan MPASI diperlukan untuk mencegah malnutrisi pada anak dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu terkait gizi anak, khususnya pada ibu bekerja.KATA KUNCI: pemberian makanan pendamping ASI; COVID-19; keanekaragaman pangan minimum; status pekerjaan ibu ABSTRACTBackground: Appropriate complementary feeding practices during the COVID-19 pandemic are challenging due to government policies to reduce the virus transmission in workplace such as changes of employment status including working from home . The changes of employment status, especially for working mothers was related to the dietary diversity of complementary feeding practice.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the impact of maternal employment status on Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and online self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from 403 mothers of children ages 6-23 months who live in Java, Indonesia.Results: Overall, 91.1% of the children met the criteria for MDD. In the adjusted model, children with mothers who work outside of home were associated with a reduced odds of meeting MDD (AOR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.42-0.98). The factors related to MDD on complementary feeding practices were area of residence (AOR: 0.12; 95%CI: 0.03-0.54), child's age (AOR: 2.93; 95%CI: 1.12-7.67), and maternal ages (AOR: 1.39; 95%CI: 1.16-3.93).Conclusions: Complementary feeding practices were impacted by maternal employment status during pandemic. However, other strategies to increase dietary diversity of complementary feeding are needed to prevent child malnutrition by increasing maternal knowledge related to child nutrition, especially for working mothers.KEYWORDS: complementary feeding; COVID-19; Minimum Dietary Diversity; maternal employment status