<![CDATA[Class II malocclusion is one of the most common orthodontic problems associated with mandibular retrusion. Various functional treatment modalities have been developed to manage this condition, particularly the use of removable orthodontic appliances designed to stimulate mandibular growth and correct skele-tal and dental relationships. The most widely recognised appliances are the Andreasen Activator and the Twin Block. The activator operates on a passive prin-ciple, requiring long-term wear to gradually influence mandibular development and occlusal correction. In contrast, the Twin Block is a more active functional appliance, allowing for normal masticatory function during wear, thereby improving patient compliance. Clinical evidence suggests that both appliances are effective in reducing overjet and overbite, as well as improving facial profile aesthetics. However, the Twin Block is reported to be more efficient at producing mandibular changes within a shorter treatment period than the activator. Factors such as the patient’s age, growth potential, the severity of the malocclusion, and compliance must be carefully considered to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. It is concluded that individualised treatment planning is essential, with the selection of functional appliances tailored to the specific clinical situation.]]>
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