<![CDATA[This study introduces an advanced method for evaluating non-blind watermarking quality, leveraging both visible and invisible watermarking techniques grounded in principles of discrete cosine transform (DCT) and modified singular value decomposition (M-SVD). The primary focus is to refine the assessment process of watermarked images by integrating M-SVD, known for its efficacy in measuring image quality and watermarking performance. Results from the M-SVD implementation exhibit a striking resemblance to the original images. The mean squared error (MSE) values for watermarked images range from 0.0003 to 0.0168, while peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) values vary between 42.52 dB and 82.72 dB. These outcomes underscore the potential of DCT and M-SVD techniques in bolstering watermarking processes, especially in invisible watermarking contexts.]]>
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