<![CDATA[Cloud-based online learning is the electronic learning activity that supports teaching and learning (T&L) that could be done from anywhere and in the world. Some of its benefits are scalability and affordability that could in a decision-making support on the mechanisms of material selection. Cloud computing has been adopted by most universities around the world. In this regard, lecturers and students will use it to facilitate T&L; however, due to concerns of information technology or systems security, cloud-based online learning users are also not immune. In this regard, the users could be affected by different cybersecurity attacks. In this paper, a systematic literature review method was used to sift the different models and solutions used to address the cybersecurity concerns surrounding cloud-based online learning. A brief Likert-scale questionnaire was used to obtained data that could corroborate the systematic literature findings. In this regard, a group of 20 online learning designers were sampled as participants. It was found that the confidentiality, integrity, and availability issues are a concern. This led to issues of security awareness, authentication and blended attacks being issues. In this regard, a cloud-based online learning model is not immune from security issues. In this paper, a conceptual framework as the line-of-defense is proposed as a solution towards having a cybersecure cloud based online learning.]]>
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