The Implementation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Breast Cancer Biomarker Validation in Metabolomics Studies

Ratnaningayu, Nindhyana Diwaratri
Tedjo, Aryo
Sonar Soni Panigoro

Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA
Vol. 25 No. 04 (2024): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by distinct molecular and metabolic characteristics, making its diagnostics and treatment challenging. The existence of metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer underscores the potential to identify biomarkers through metabolomics studies, offering new avenues for personalized therapeutic approaches. Machine learning algorithms are now increasingly used to uncover complex patterns in metabolomics data. A comprehensive analysis of in silico metabolomics had successfully identified 24 significant metabolites after rigorous univariate and multivariate tests. Pathway analysis highlighted the apparent involvement of glycerolphosphate in glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism, indicating its potential role in breast cancer pathology. Validation of these 24 metabolites using machine learning algorithms provided superior results, with Neural Network achieving an AUC of 0.979 and a precision of 93%, Logistic Regression showing an AUC of 0.945 and a precision of 95.7%, as well as Random Forest reporting an AUC of 0.974 and a precision of 95.7% in predictive performance. These findings demonstrate the remarkable ability of machine learning to improve biomarker validation accuracy in metabolomics, facilitating better diagnostic strategies for breast cancer.