<![CDATA[The need for accelerated development requires rapid data collection. In today's increasingly advanced technological landscape, the utilization of big data emerges as a highly reliable solution for data collection. One exemplary form of big data is the daily capture of satellite imagery, particularly nighttime lights (NTL). NTL serves as a valuable product derived from satellite imagery and can be employed as an alternative dataset for analysis. This research utilizes Nighttime lights as an auxiliary variable to estimate the average household per capita expenditure in small areas, namely districts, employing the empirical best linear unbiased prediction Fay Herriot (EBLUP FH) method and small area estimation by incorporating measurement error effects on the covariate (SAE-ME). The study demonstrates that Nighttime lights can be employed as an alternative auxiliary variable for estimating the average per capita expenditure in districts, as evidenced by a lower RRMSE compared to direct estimation results. However, the measurement error effects on the NTL covariate should be considered by employing a model that takes into account measurement errors. The SAE-ME method provides estimated average expenditure values at the district level that closely align with BPS publications, with an average RRMSE per district of 7.5 percent.]]>
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