Jurnal Al-jina'i Al-islami
Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Al-Jina'i Al-Islami (December)

Peran Lembaga Hukum Adat dalam Menyelesaikan Kasus Perzinaan di Nagari Koto Tuo dalam Tinjauan Fiqh jinayah

Mulya, Rahmad Riski (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Dec 2024

Abstract

Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki sistem hukum yang kompleks karena selain hukum positif, masyarakat juga masih menjunjung tinggi hukum adat. Di Minangkabau, khususnya di Nagari Koto Tuo, hukum adat masih digunakan dalam menyelesaikan kasus perzinaan yang dianggap merusak kehormatan keluarga dan tatanan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran lembaga hukum adat dalam penyelesaian kasus perzinaan dengan meninjau praktiknya melalui perspektif fiqh jinayah. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur yang kemudian dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lembaga hukum adat berperan strategis sebagai penjaga norma sosial melalui musyawarah keluarga dan Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). Sanksi adat berupa denda (1 ameh) dan pengasingan (buang tikarang) berfungsi sebagai ta‘zīr untuk menjaga ketertiban dan kehormatan publik. Meski berbeda dari hudūd, mekanisme ini memiliki tujuan serupa, yaitu menjaga kehormatan dan memberi efek jera. Temuan juga menunjukkan efektivitas sanksi adat serta potensi integrasinya dengan prinsip fiqh jinayah. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada upaya mengintegrasikan norma hukum adat dan fiqh jinayah sebagai kontribusi dalam pengembangan hukum yang lebih humanis dan aplikatif. Kata Kunci: Jinayah, lembaga hukum adat, perzinaan   Abstract: Indonesia has a complex legal system because, in addition to positive law, the community still upholds customary law. In Minangkabau, particularly in Nagari Koto Tuo, customary law is still used to resolve cases of adultery, which are considered to damage family honor and social order. This study aims to analyze the role of customary law institutions in resolving adultery cases by reviewing their practices through the perspective of fiqh jinayah. The research method uses an empirical juridical approach with qualitative descriptive methods through interviews, observations, and literature studies, which are then analyzed. The results show that customary law institutions play a strategic role as guardians of social norms through family deliberations and the Nagari Customary Council (KAN). Customary sanctions in the form of fines (1 ameh) and exile (buang tikarang) function as ta'zir to maintain public order and honor. Although different from hudud, this mechanism has a similar purpose, namely to maintain honor and provide a deterrent effect. The findings also show the effectiveness of customary sanctions and their potential integration with the principles of fiqh jinayah. The novelty of this research lies in its attempt to integrate customary law norms and fiqh jinayah as a contribution to the development of a more humanistic and applicable law. Keyword: Jinayah, customary law institution, adultery

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jaa

Publisher

Subject

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Description

Jurnal Al Jinai Al Islami (E ISSN 30315506) published by the Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung is a periodic scientific journal with open access that uses the double blind peer review method. This journal offers a national and international ...