<![CDATA[Coal ash from the Sawahlunto City coal mine is used to backfill former mine land. This application poses a clear threat to groundwater quality. The objective of this study is clear: to analyze the concentration of heavy metals, including Ni and Cu, and their distribution in groundwater around the coal ash landfill area using response surface methodology in design of experiments. Groundwater samples were taken three times at four locations spaced 0 m, 365 m, 730 m, and 850 m by guiding SNI 6989.58.2008. Laboratory tests of metal concentrations refer to SNI 6989-84:2019. Water quality analysis showed Ni concentration exceeded drinking water quality standards with a measured concentration of 0.227 mg/L, while Cu parameters were still within safe limits with concentrations of 0.0002 mg/L and 0.02 mg/L. The metal distribution analysis definitively showed that coal ash landfilling in the former mining area contributed to groundwater pollution by Ni. The distribution pattern of Ni and Cu decreases with increasing distance. It is imperative that the FABA landfill area be located away from settlements that use groundwater to protect consumers. Further research is needed to determine the safe distance between the coal ash landfill site and groundwater sources.]]>
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