<![CDATA[The Internet contains a large number of documents from various sources with similar content. The contents of documents that are almost identical will lead to news redundancy, making it difficult for readers to distinguish between factual information and opinions. Multi-document summarization has been designed to enable readers to easily understand the meaning of news documents without needing to read multiple documents. Multi-document summarization aims to extract information from several texts written about the same topic. The resulting summary report enables users to obtain a single piece of information from multiple similar pieces of information sourced from various locations. Various approaches have been used in creating multi-document summaries. Issues regarding accuracy and redundancy are still a significant focus of research. In this paper, a new multi-document summarization model was built using Tuna Swarm Optimization (TSO) and Markov Clustering (MCL) methods. The dataset of this research is Indonesian language news from various online media sources. Based on hyperparameter tuning using training data, the best TSO model performance was obtained at variable values a = 0.7, z = 0.9, and the optimal number of tuna fish > 80. From the research results, it was found that TSO outperformed other swarm intelligence methods. The use of MCL has proven to be effective, as evidenced by the performance results, where TSO achieved an average ROUGE value 7.95% higher when MCL was applied. In this performance test, four standard evaluation metrics of the ROUGE toolkit were used.]]>
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