Emerging Science Journal
Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August

Extending C-TAM-TPB: Dual-level Moderation of Perceived Web Security and Age in Digital Banking

Abdalla, Reem Abbas (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Aug 2025

Abstract

This study examines the intention to adopt digital banking in Saudi Arabia by integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). It includes Perceived Web Security (PWS) and Age as moderators, addressing trust and security perceptions across user segments in emerging markets. Data were collected from 353 digital banking users in Saudi Arabia using a cross-sectional quantitative design. The model was tested via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), assessing measurement validity, path significance, moderation, and mediation effects. Predictive accuracy was evaluated with in-sample (R²) and out-of-sample (Q², PLS-Predict) indicators. The results confirmed the significance of core TAM variables—Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), and Attitude Toward Use (ATU)—on Behavioral Intention (BI). Attitude was a strong predictor of BI, but Subjective Norms (SN) and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) were not significant. PWS moderated the ATU–BI relationship, enhancing intention under high security perception, but Age's dual-moderation effect was unsupported. Sequential mediation analysis validated that PEU and PU influence BI indirectly via ATU. This study enhances digital adoption research through a validated dual-level moderation model combining security perception and age. It refines TAM-TPB integration and offers practical insights for creating secure, user-centered digital banking systems tailored to specific cultures.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ESJ

Publisher

Subject

Environmental Science

Description

Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are ...