<![CDATA[The increase in toxic pollutants, such as the heavy metal lead (Pb²⁺), in aquatic environments is caused by anthropogenic activities and natural factors. Lead is difficult to degrade naturally, necessitating bioremediation methods, one of involves biosorption agents. Macrofungi, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, have complex cell walls capable of absorbing heavy metals through β-glucan. This study evaluates the effectiveness of β-glucan from P. ostreatus in adsorbing lead. The biosorption mechanism is influenced by functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amine (-NH₂), as well as the coil structure of β-glucan, which affects binding site availability. Results show biosorption efficiency reaches 89–97%, with the highest at 97% at 25.64 mg/L and a contact time of 3 hours. Even after 1 hour, efficiency remains high (96%), indicating rapid and effective adsorption. FTIR analysis reveals changes in functional group structures after lead exposure, confirming the role of active groups in biosorption. Biosorption efficiency is also influenced by metal concentration, biomass amount and surface area, contact time, and biosorbent diffusion. These findings highlight the potential of β-glucan from P. ostreatus as a natural biosorbent for lead remediation in aquatic environments.]]>
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