<![CDATA[Every coastal state holds sovereign rights over the continental shelf that can go beyond 200 nautical miles (M) measured from baselines. This is commonly known as an extended continental shelf (ECS). However, these rights of ECS must be scientifically proven by meeting specific criteria governed by Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. Scientific survey activities play a crucial role in meeting such criteria. The results of these surveys are then submitted to the United Nations Commission of the Limits of the Continental Shelf (UN-CLCS) for review. To date, 95 applications for ECS have been submitted. This article comprehensively analyzes 34 applications, providing insights into the criteria for submitting applications for ECS and highlighting the significance and impact of the coastal state's scientific survey activities.]]>
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