<![CDATA[Halal self-declared is a halal certification procedure for small micro enterprises (SMEs). However, sufficient technology support is required to ensure the halal process’s transparency and traceability. By integrating blockchain-oriented software engineering (BOSE) technology with smart contracts and electronic product code information services (EPCIS), this study aims to deliver a conceptual design for traceability and transparency in halal self-declared. The effectiveness of the blockchain in storing data and disclosing private information to interested parties can be circumvented by utilizing both off-chain and on-chain technology. The effectiveness of blockchain data storage and the ability to disclose sensitive information to interested parties can be advantageous for both on-chain and off-chain applications.]]>
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