<![CDATA[This study explores the relationship between e-government implementation and citizen engagement by comparing practices in both developing and developed countries. Using a qualitative research approach, the study analyzes policy documents, government reports, and previous empirical studies to identify patterns, challenges, and opportunities in digital governance. The findings reveal that developed countries tend to achieve higher levels of citizen engagement due to advanced technological infrastructure, stronger institutional frameworks, and higher digital literacy among citizens. In contrast, developing countries often face barriers such as limited internet access, lack of trust in government institutions, and insufficient resources, which constrain the potential of e-government to foster participation. Nevertheless, innovative strategies such as mobile-based platforms and community-driven initiatives demonstrate that developing countries can leverage contextual strengths to enhance digital engagement. This research highlights the critical role of socio-political contexts, governance structures, and technological readiness in shaping the effectiveness of e-government initiatives. The study concludes that while the pathways differ, both developed and developing countries share a common goal: building inclusive, transparent, and participatory governance through digital transformation.]]>
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