Objective: Examine how e-payment usage influences consumer spending and cash management, and assess the moderating role of financial literacy in an emerging-market context. Research Design & Methods: Quantitative survey of active e-payment users in Central Java, Indonesia. Constructs were measured with Likert-scale items. Relationships among e-payment usage, consumer behavior, cash management, and financial literacy (moderator) were analyzed using PLS-SEM with established validity and reliability procedures. Findings: E-payment facilitates more frequent and effortless purchasing by lowering psychological frictions at checkout, which can elevate impulsive spending. At the same time, its built-in records and dashboards support better oversight of income–expense flows, budgeting, and planning. Financial literacy shapes these outcomes: higher literacy helps curb excessive spending and strengthens the use of app features for monitoring, budgeting, and goal setting. Overall, the impact of e-payment is dual and contingent on users’ financial knowledge and self-regulation. Implications & Recommendations: Pair cashless initiatives with digital financial-literacy programs. Embed in-app nudges such as spend alerts, weekly summaries, category caps, and goal tracking. Tailor guidance for low-literacy segments and encourage responsible defaults. Contribution & Value Added: Provides emerging-market evidence clarifying when and how e-payments promote or undermine financial discipline, integrates behavioral-finance and financial-literacy perspectives via moderation analysis, and offers actionable design and policy insights to enhance consumer financial well-being.
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