<![CDATA[Achieving genuinely equitable and sustainable national progress depends on understanding and effectively measuring inclusive economic development, a complex and often elusive goal. Despite Indonesia's sustained economic growth over the past decade, questions persist about the extent to which this progress has translated into inclusive outcomes across regions and dimensions of well-being. This study addresses the empirical gap in comprehensive measurement by developing and applying a rigorous quantitative framework to estimate the Inclusive Economic Development Index across 34 Indonesian provinces from 2011 to 2023. Using national data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and supplementary records from other government bodies, we construct province-level inclusive development scores that encompass multiple dimensions of inclusive economic development, including economy, social factors, political aspects, ICT, governance, and the environment. The findings reveal significant variation in inclusive development across provinces, with West Sumatra, West Java, and Bali leading in the 4-dimensional model; West Sumatra, Maluku, and Aceh in the 5-dimensional model; and Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara, and East Kalimantan in the 6-dimensional model. Despite these provincial disparities, overall inclusivity levels demonstrate relative consistency. Nationally, the index fluctuated during the period, peaking at 4.65 in 2011 and hitting a low of 3.75 in 2022, resulting in an average of 4.18. These results underscore that inclusive development remains a persistent systemic and structural challenge for Indonesia.]]>
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