<![CDATA[ABSTRACT This article examines the philosophical foundations of education proposed by Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Tan Malaka within the context of Indonesian national education. The study employs a qualitative literature-based approach focusing on ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. To strengthen the analysis, the discussion is supported by open-access Indonesian scholarly journals that interpret and elaborate Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s educational philosophy. The findings indicate that Ki Hadjar Dewantara conceptualizes education as a cultural and humanistic process aimed at nurturing human dignity and independence, while Tan Malaka views education as a rational and critical instrument for social emancipation. These perspectives demonstrate complementary contributions to the development of a national education system grounded in humanity, rationality, and social justice. Keywords: Philosophy Of Education, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Tan Malaka, National Education]]>
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