Jurnal Info Kesehatan
Vol 23 No 4 (2025): JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN

The Effects of Screen Time on Early Childhood Development: A Systematic Literature Review

Lumban Gaol, Riama Claudia Christine (Unknown)
Fajar, Nur Alam (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Dec 2025

Abstract

The effects of screen time on young children warrant greater attention, particularly as screen use has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excessive screen exposure in early childhood reduces opportunities for adequate stimulation and limits children’s engagement with their physical and social environments. When children do not receive sufficient developmental stimulation during this critical period, optimal brain development may be affected, potentially leading to delays or disorders across various developmental domains. This review aimed to further examine the negative impact of screen time on early childhood development. Guided by the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using the keywords “screen time” and “child development” for articles published between 2021 and 2025. A total of 15 studies met the eligibility criteria. The findings consistently show that excessive screen time negatively affects several aspects of early childhood development, including motor, speech-language, cognitive, and social-emotional domains. The review also underscores the critical role of parents in regulating children’s screen use to mitigate these risks. In conclusion, excessive screen media exposure diminishes developmental stimulation and increases the likelihood of developmental delays; therefore, active parental involvement in managing screen time is essential to promote healthy child development.

Copyrights © 2025






Journal Info

Abbrev

infokes

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology

Description

Jurnal Info Kesehatan with registered number ISSN 0216-504X (Print), 2620-536X (Online) is a scientific journal which managed by the Research and Community Service Unit, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Kupang in cooperation with Indonesian Oral Health and Therapists Association with the MoU. The ...