Joal : Journal of Applied Linguistics
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): January 2026

Semantic Shift in Emoji Usage Among Generation Z in WhatsApp Group Chats

Opoku-Fofie, Sylvia (Unknown)
Quarcoo, Kaitlyn Naa Ahima (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
05 Jan 2026

Abstract

The meanings of emojis have shifted from just conveying emotions to be complex semiotic symbols. In this ethnographic case study, we investigate how Generation Z repurpose the meanings of emojis during their WhatsApp group interactions. This study is guided by Ullman (1957) and Paul’s (trans, 1970) theoretical frameworks on semantic shift. Using a purposive sampling of six WhatsApp groups (information-oriented, academic 1&2, religious, socialization, business-oriented), the results reveal six semantic-shift patterns which include: Transfer of Meaning (36.2%), Broadening (30.6%), Amelioration (17.5%), Pejoration (10.1%), Narrowing (6.0%), and Degeneration (1.1%). The findings reveal Transfer of Meaning as the predominant semantic shift pattern within the WhatsApp interactions of Generation Z. The conclusion drawn is that emoji semantics is context-driven, making one better appreciate the digital language evolution of the Generation Z cohort. Keywords : Emoji; Semantic Shift; Generation Z; WhatsApp; Digital Communication

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Journal Info

Abbrev

joal

Publisher

Subject

Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

Description

Journal of Applied Linguistic (JoAL) is a Journal that published twice a year, namely in January and July. JoAL publishes manuscripts within the fields of: 1. Teaching and curricular practices 2. Language teaching methodologies, 3. Curriculum development and teaching methods 4. Second and foreign ...