<![CDATA[Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in coastal communities, where dense settlements and suboptimal housing conditions may facilitate transmission. This study aimed to examine the relationship between indoor temperature, natural lighting, and residential crowding and the risk of tuberculosis infection in a coastal population in Negeri Lima Village, Central Maluku, Indonesia. A cross-sectional analytic design was employed involving 50 households selected through random sampling. Indoor temperature was measured using a room thermometer, natural lighting with a lux meter, and residential crowding based on occupant-to-floor-area ratios, all referenced to national and WHO healthy housing standards. TB infection risk was assessed using a structured and validated household TB risk questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests with a significance level of 0.05. The results indicated that indoor temperature (r = 0.153; p > 0.05), natural lighting (r = −0.087; p > 0.05), and residential crowding (r = 0.122; p > 0.05) were not significantly associated with TB infection risk. However, the negative direction of the correlation for natural lighting suggests a potential protective tendency, although statistically weak. In conclusion, the physical housing factors examined were not significant determinants of TB risk in this coastal setting. This study contributes contextual evidence that, in relatively homogeneous coastal settlements, TB prevention strategies should prioritize ventilation quality and behavioral risk factors rather than relying solely on basic physical housing indicators]]>
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