Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal
Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal

The water quality and biological indicators of estuarine and marine waters affected by shrimp farming effluents in Bireuen Regency, Aceh

Akmal Izwar (Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)
Saniar Fauza (Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)
Asih Makarti Muktitama (Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia)
Anis Nugrahawati (Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia)
Rossy Azhar (Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)
Dani Pratama Putra (Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)
Syahirman Hakim (Program Studi Teknologi industri Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)
Yoga Musarady (Mahasiswa Parogram Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
14 Oct 2026

Abstract

Intensive whiteleg shrimp farming has the potential to degrade water quality through the accumulation of organic matter and nutrients in coastal ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate differences in water quality between estuarine and marine waters in Bireuen Regency, Aceh, and to associate them with plankton and bacteria as ecological indicators. The research was conducted from July to August 2025 at three estuarine and three marine stations, analyzing physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Results showed that estuarine waters had higher TSS (9–16 mg/L), NH₃ (0.80 mg/L), BOD (4.6–7.1 mg/L), and COD (32–33 mg/L) than marine waters, associated with the presence of Nitzschia spp., Ceratium hirundinella, Brachionus rotundiformis, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In marine waters, although DO and salinity were more stable, eutrophication indicators included Noctiluca spp., copepods (Acartia, Oithona), V. alginolyticus, and Photobacterium damselae. These findings indicate that estuaries act as pollution hotspots while marine waters are also affected, emphasizing the need for ecosystem-based management of shrimp aquaculture effluents. Keywords: Estuary; Marine Waters; Plankton; Vibrio spp; Water Quality; Whiteleg Shrimp

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Journal Info

Abbrev

acta-aquatica

Publisher

Subject

Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

Description

Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal is a scientific open access journal in the field of aquatic sciences, published periodically (April and October) by the Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Malikussaleh (Malikussaleh University) in cooperation with Marine Center ...