<![CDATA[Purpose: This study aims to examine justice and equity in environmental governance in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, using a social-ecological sustainability perspective. It focuses on the distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, the extent of public participation, the recognition of indigenous rights and local knowledge, and the integration of equity principles within sustainability-oriented policies. Subjects and Methods: The research employs a qualitative, literature-based approach. Data were collected through a systematic review of peer-reviewed journal articles, academic books, and relevant policy documents on environmental governance, political ecology, and environmental justice. The selected sources were analyzed using thematic coding to identify dominant patterns, structural challenges, and gaps in governance practices. Results: The findings reveal four major issues. First, environmental benefits from resource extraction and development are distributed unevenly, while ecological and social burdens are disproportionately experienced by local communities. Second, public participation in environmental decision-making is largely procedural and limited in influence, weakening policy legitimacy. Third, the recognition of indigenous rights and local knowledge remains insufficient, marginalizing community-based management practices that could strengthen ecosystem resilience. Fourth, equity principles are inadequately integrated into sustainability policies, which tend to prioritize economic growth and technical solutions over social inclusion. Conclusions: The study concludes that environmental governance in East Kalimantan continues to reflect structural inequalities that undermine social-ecological sustainability. Integrating distributive, procedural, and recognition-based justice is essential to promote more inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable development pathways.]]>
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