<![CDATA[Aim: The goal of this study is to evaluate the sustainability performance of the Maggot-in-the-Box system, a household-scale organic waste management solution in Indonesia, from environmental, economic, and social perspectives. Methodology and results: The study used an integrated assessment framework, which is a combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA), and social perception analysis. Furthermore, environmental performance was assessed using LCA and the focus is on Global Warming Potential (GWP) (per kilogram of biowaste). CBA was used to evaluated Economic feasibility considering net profit, payback period, and Net Present Value (NPV). Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling of user reviews was used to examine social acceptance. The results show the Maggot-in-the-Box system has very low emissions, with a GWP of 0.002576 kg CO₂-eq per kilogram of biowaste. In comparison with the Takakura composting method, this is about 27 times lower. It is just 3.6% of the combined emissions of all systems evaluated. Economically, the system has financial benefits, generating a net annual profit of IDR 2.38 million per household. The payback period is 3 to 4 months with a 5-year NPV of IDR 10.2 million at a 3% discount rate. Social analysis shows positive user perceptions regarding waste reduction and simplicity in the operation. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Research findings reflect how the Maggot-in-the-Box system achieves a strong balance between environmental performance, economic feasibility, and also social reception. Therefore, there is high potential that the system could be used as a practical and scalable household organic waste management solution in Indonesia.]]>
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