NALARs
Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): NALARs Vol 25 No 1 Januari 2026

FENOMENA PESANTREN DI KOTA LAMA KUDUS DALAM PERSPEKTIF ARSITEKTUR DAN BUDAYA LOKAL

Anisa, Anisa (Unknown)
Nur'aini, Ratna Dewi (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jan 2026

Abstract

Pesantren merupakan institusi pendidikan Islam yang memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan kehidupan sosial dan budaya masyarakat Kudus, khususnya di wilayah Kudus Kulon atau Kota Lama Kudus. Namun demikian, kajian arsitektur di kawasan Kota Lama Kudus hingga kini masih didominasi oleh pembahasan rumah tradisional joglo pencu dan permukiman tradisionalnya. Sementara keberadaan pesantren belum banyak dikaji sebagai bagian dari struktur arsitektur kawasan bersejarah yang ada hingga saat ini. Dalam konteks budaya lokal, masyarakat Kudus Kulon dikenal dengan falsafah gusjigang (bagus akhlaknya, rajin mengaji, pandai berdagang) yang tidak hanya membentuk etos sosial dan ekonomi, tetapi juga memengaruhi pola kehidupan, ruang dan permukiman di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pesantren di Kota Lama Kudus dari perspektif arsitektur dan budaya lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, melalui observasi spasial, dokumentasi arsitektural, serta wawancara mendalam dengan pengguna pesantren, dan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pesantren di Kota Lama Kudus berkembang secara organik, menyatu dengan pola permukiman tradisional, serta merepresentasikan nilai-nilai gusjigang dalam kesederhanaan bentuk, fleksibilitas tata ruang, dan keterbukaannya terhadap aktivitas sosial dan keagamaan masyarakat. Pesantren tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ruang pendidikan keislaman, tetapi juga berperan sebagai simpul budaya yang menjaga kesinambungan tradisi keilmuan, keagamaan, dan identitas kawasan Kota Lama Kudus. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pemaknaan pesantren sebagai arsitektur budaya lokal yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai gusjigang dan terintegrasi dengan struktur kawasan kota bersejarah. Boarding schools (pesantren) are Islamic educational institutions that play a crucial role in shaping the social and cultural life of the Kudus community, particularly in the Kudus Kulon area, also known as the Old City of Kudus. However, architectural studies in the Old City of Kudus have been dominated by discussions of the traditional joglo pencu houses and their traditional settlements. However, the presence of boarding schools (pesantren) within the historic area's architectural structure remains largely unexplored. Within the context of local culture, the people of Kudus Kulon are known for their gusjigang (good morals, diligent recitation of the Quran, and skillful trading) philosophy, which not only shapes their social and economic ethos but also influences patterns of life, space, and settlement within the area. This study aims to examine boarding schools in Kudus' Old City from the perspective of local architecture and culture. This research uses a qualitative approach, through spatial observation, architectural documentation, and in-depth interviews with boarding school users and the surrounding community. The results of this study indicate that Islamic boarding schools in Kudus' Old City developed organically, blending with traditional settlement patterns and representing the values of gusjigang through their simplicity of form, flexibility in spatial planning, and openness to the community's social and religious activities. Islamic boarding schools not only function as spaces for Islamic education, but also act as cultural hubs that maintain the continuity of scientific and religious traditions and the identity of the Kudus Old City area. The novelty of this study lies in interpreting Islamic boarding schools as local cultural architecture influenced by gusjigang values and integrated into the structure of the historic city area.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

nalars

Publisher

Subject

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Description

NALARs is an architecture journal which presents articles based on architectural research in micro, mezo and macro. Published articles cover all subjects as follow: architectural behaviour, space and place, traditional architecture, digital architecture, urban planning and urban design, building ...