<![CDATA[This study analyzed household food security in four marine conservation areas in Raja Ampat by modeling it as a latent construct. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with binary indicators was applied to household survey data from 2010 to 2024 in four regions. The latent food security score was estimated from binary indicators representing the dimensions of food access using tetrachoric correlations and the robust diagonally weighted least squares method. The estimation results show that the measurement model consistently captures the underlying latent structure of household food security. From a methodological perspective, this study is the first to estimate the latent food security score in the Raja Ampat marine conservation area using a CFA approach based on binary indicators, supported by the latest survey data and the development of ready-to-use, algorithmic functions. Further analysis of the latent scores revealed a decline in food security across most regions during the latest monitoring period compared to the pre-pandemic period, indicating increasing household vulnerability. This decline coincides with rising socioeconomic pressures in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Overall, the research findings confirm that CFA with binary indicators is an effective approach for measuring household food security in conservation areas, as it can produce stable latent structures]]>
Copyrights © 2026
