Cyber Profiling in Immigration Control: : A Legal Analysis of Digital Data Utilization to Prevent the Misuse of Residence Permits by Foreign Nationals

Itsar Muqarab, Muhamad
Sohirin
Koesemoyo Ponco Aji

DE'RECHTSSTAAT
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL HUKUM DE' RECHTSSTAAT

Advances in information technology have transformed immigration oversight, particularly in addressing the challenges of residence permit abuse by foreigners. One innovation in this area is the application of cyber profiling, which utilizes digital data left by individuals online to detect potential immigration violations. This article examines the use of cyber profiling methods in immigration oversight, explains the legal basis behind it, and analyzes the administrative and criminal sanctions for violators. Referring to Ministerial Regulation No. 2 of 2025 and Law No. 6 of 2011, this paper demonstrates that cyber surveillance strategies are a preventative and responsive approach that is adaptive to the digital era.