Sultan Agung Notary Law Review
Vol 8, No 1 (2026): March 2026

Dispute Resolution in Unwritten Agreements in Connection of Cooperation Reviewed from a Civil Law Perspective

Ria Juliana Siregar (Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan)
Martono Anggusti (Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan)
Rio Saputra Manullang (Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan)



Article Info

Publish Date
03 Apr 2026

Abstract

This study aims to describe the regulation of agreements according to Indonesian contract law (KUHPerdata), which then analyzes the legal force of agreements made orally and their proof in court. This research is a normative juridical research conducted with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that agreements are specifically regulated in the Civil Code, Book III, Chapter II concerning "Agreements Born from Contracts or Agreements" and Chapters V to XVIII which regulate the legal principles and norms of contract law in general, as well as contract law norms that have special characteristics better known as named agreements. The Civil Code itself does not explicitly mention "written agreements". If an oral agreement has fulfilled the requirements for a valid agreement according to the formulation of Article 1320 of the Civil Code, then it remains valid and has legal force to declare someone in default. However, if the verbal agreement is denied/not acknowledged by the party suspected of being in breach of contract, the verbal agreement does not have legal force to declare someone to be in breach of contract, because the agreement may or may not be true, depending on the evidence provided by the parties.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

SANLaR

Publisher

Subject

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

Description

Sultan Agung Notary Law Review (SANLaR) is a peer-reviewed journal published by Master of Notary Program, Faculty of Law, UNISSULA, Semarang. SANLaR previously published in twice (2) a year, however, due to the increasing demand for writers and the increasing number of submitted manuscripts, the ...