Exposing Milk Adulteration in Iraq Markets: Menguak Pemalsuan Susu di Pasar Irak

Azhar Lateef Jebur (Department of Environmental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Karbala)
Karar Saleh Abed (Department of Environmental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Karbala)
Amir Hilal Muhammad (Department of Environmental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Karbala)
Hussein Neama Hussein (Department of Environmental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Karbala)
Sura mohammed fatlawi (Department of Environmental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Karbala)

Academia Open
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December

This study evaluated eighteen unflavored milk samples from local markets in Karbala, Diyala, Basra, Kirkuk, Wasit, and Babil, Iraq, to detect adulteration. Using total solids measurements, refractive index tests, and iodine starch tests, we aimed to assess milk quality. Except for sample No. 6, all samples tested negative for starch, indicating minimal thickening agent adulteration. However, samples 4, 5, 11, and 13 failed the refractive index test, suggesting water adulteration. These findings highlight the need for better monitoring and regulation to ensure milk purity and protect public health across different Iraqi regions. Highlights: Identified milk adulteration in six Iraqi governorates. Sample 6 tested positive for starch adulteration. Samples 4, 5, 11, 13 failed refractive index test. Keywords: milk adulteration, Iraqi markets, quality control, refractive index, starch test